A literal expression consists of one or more of the numerical/letter forms described earlier. It directly describes a numbers, characters, booleans, containers and constructs.
There are two type of literals:
- values
- calls
Value literals
Value literals are the simpliest expressions. They are direct values assigned to variables and are divided into two types:
- singletons
- clusters
Singelton literals
Singleton literals represent one sigle values:
4 // intiger literal
0xA8 // hex-intiger literal
4.6 // floating-point literal
5i // imaginary literal
"c" // character literal
"one" // string literal
true // boolean literal
Cluster literals
Cluster literals represent both container types and construct types. Cluster literals are always enclosed within curly brackets { }. The difference between scopes and cluster literals is that cluster literals shoud always have comma , within the initializaion and assignment brackets, e.g { 5, }.
Containers
Some simple container expressions
{ 5, 6, 7, 8, } // array, vector, sequences
{ "one":1, "two":2, } // maps
{ 6, } // single element container
A 3x3x3 matrix
{{{1,2,3},{4,5,6},{7,8,9}},{{1,2,3},{4,5,6},{7,8,9}},{{1,2,3},{4,5,6},{7,8,9}}}
Constructs
// constructs
{ email = "someone@example.com", username = "someusername123", active = true, sign_in_count = 1 }
// nested constructs
{
FirstName = "Mark",
LastName = "Jones",
Email = "mark@gmail.com",
Age = 25,
MonthlySalary = {
Basic = 15000.00,
Bonus = {
HTA = 2100.00,
RA = 5000.00,
},
},
}
Call literals
Call literals are function calls that resolve to values:
var seven: int = add(2, 5); // assigning variables "seven" to function call "add"
`typ Vector: rec = {
var x: flt
var y: flt
}
typ Rect: rec = {
var pos: Vector
var size: Vecotr
}
fun make_rect(min, max: Vector): Rect {
return [Rect]{{min.x, min.y}, {max.x - max.y, max.y - max.y}}
return [Rect]{pos = {min.x, min.y}, size = {max.x - max.y, max.y - max.y}}
}
`